On 23 September 2025, Italy adopted Law No. 132. It is the first comprehensive national AI law in the EU. Under the leadership of Giorgia Meloni’s government this decisive move came into momentum.
Italy has become the first Member State to adopt national legislation that coherently complements the EU AI Act (Regulation 2024/1689).
The AI Law will go into force on 10 October 2025. It encompasses the AI deployment in many sectors such as healthcare, public administration, judicial activity, national security and defence and employment.
In conjunction with EU AI Act it provides provisions age-assurance measures for minors, stricter penalties for AI-related crimes, prison sentences for disseminating harmful AI-generated content, and amendments to copyright law.
Key Provisions of the Italian AI Law
- Article 4 establishes fundamental principles requiring AI systems to guarantee lawful, correct and transparent processing of personal data, whilst ensuring clear communication about processing activities and associated risks.
- AI systems will be only accessed by minors under 14 under parental consent.
- Severe punitive action in regards to criminal activities like fraud and identity theft utilizing AI.
- Prison sentences will be handed up to five years for the illegal dissemination of harmful AI-generated content, such as deepfakes.
- The law modifies the Italian Copyright Act, adapting legal frameworks for AI-generated content and emphasizing human authorship.
- Specific requirements and guardrails are set for AI use in sectors like healthcare, with patients' rights to be informed and medical professionals retaining final decision-making power.
Italy's national law complements the EU AI Act, which established the EU-wide regulatory framework for AI.
The Agency for Digital Italy (AgID) and the National Cybersecurity Agency (CAN) are designated for enforcement of the law.
€1 billion has been allocated to support companies in AI, cybersecurity, and quantum technologies.
AgID focuses on innovation promotion and conformity assessment procedures as the notifying authority. The CAN handles surveillance, monitoring and sanctioning activities. This model aligns with the framework established under Article 70 of the EU AI Act.
A coordination committee at the Presidency of the Council of Ministers has been established for cooperation with the public administration authorities and the independent authorities. Importantly, existing powers of the Garante and the Communications Regulatory Authority (Autorità per le Garanzie nelle Comunicazioni) continue as it is, preserving established regulatory frameworks.
Article 13 prevents AI use in intellectual professions to supporting activities, ensuring human intellectual work remains predominant. Professionals must clearly tell clients about the AI systems used in service delivery; maintaining professional trust whilst enabling technological enhancement.
This provision ensures transparency between clients and the tools used in any service delivery.
This is a big move for Italy for several reasons. Italy is not an authority on technology or regulation, and it has still proceeded with the implementation of its own regulations despite an already a community-wide framework
Unlike Italy, who has already adopted its own law, Spain is still pondering about a potential AI Law and the role of AESIA (Spain’s AI supervision agency).
After a year of debate in parliament and revision the bill was adopted and eventually passed 77-55. It is important to mention that the law comes into effect before the complete rollout EU AI Act. The EU AI act went into force in August 2024 but is moving in phases which may not be fully completed until 2030.
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